![]() Lorenzo M, Schaeffer M, Haller DM, Maisonneuve H.Managing nocturnal leg cramps-calf-stretching exercises and cessation of quinine treatment: a factorial randomised controlled trial. Stretching before sleep reduces the frequency and severity of nocturnal leg cramps in older adults: a randomised trial. Hallegraeff JM, van der Schans CP, de Ruiter R, de Greef MHG.Prophylactic stretching is unlikely to prevent nocturnal leg cramps. Effect of magnesium therapy on nocturnal leg cramps: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials with meta-analysis using simulations. Quinine: not a safe drug for treating nocturnal leg cramps. Meta-analysis of efficacy of quinine for treatment of nocturnal leg cramps in elderly people. Quinine for nocturnal leg cramps: a meta-analysis including unpublished data. Assessment: symptomatic treatment for muscle cramps (an evidence-based review): report of the therapeutics and technology assessment subcommittee of the American academy of neurology. Does oral magnesium substitution relieve pregnancy-induced leg cramps? Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. Nygaard IH, Valbø A, Pethick SV, Bøhmer T.Leg cramps and restless legs syndrome during pregnancy. Prevalence of cramps in patients over the age of 60 in primary care : a cross sectional study. Maisonneuve H, Chambe J, Delacour C, Muller J, Rougerie F, Haller DM, et al.Nocturnal leg cramps: Prevalence and associations with demographics, sleep disturbance symptoms, medical conditions, and cardiometabolic risk factors. A general population survey of rest cramps. Impact of nocturnal calf cramping on quality of sleep and health-related quality of life. A review of nocturnal leg cramps in older people. CONCLUSIONSĪlthough nocturnal leg cramps are common among older patients in primary care, the disease burden of nocturnal leg cramps only appears to be severe in a minority of patients. Multivariate analysis showed that older age and previous cramp treatment were associated with more cramps per day, while the use of magnesium and/or psychotropic drugs was associated with fewer cramps per day. Patients had a median of two cramps per week, which were generally mild (median rating of 0.7 on a 10-point scale) and short (median: 0.4 min), leading to mild sleep disturbances (median rating of 0.8 on a 10-point scale). Most of them also used medication for other health problems (mean number 3.7 per patient psychotropic drugs: 36%). Half the patients reported having already used a treatment against nocturnal leg cramps in the past, and 25% were currently using magnesium. Overall, 41% of patients were suffering from hypertension, 20% from dyslipidaemia, 19% from sleep disturbances and depression, and 6% from diabetes. Of these, 129 signed the consent to participation form and all completed the questionnaire and the daily log (men: 67% mean age: 71 years follow-up rate: 100%). Of 550 consecutive patients, 233 agreed to be contacted for participation. Crude and adjusted associations between the number of cramps and patient characteristics were computed using a generalised mixed effects model (Poisson). They also reported the severity of the cramps and their level of cramp-related sleep disturbance on a scale from 0 to 10. ![]() Patients completed a daily log during a two-week period, reporting the number and duration (in minutes) of their cramps. Twenty primary care physicians were asked to recruit up to 20 consecutive patients over the age of 50 who had suffered from cramps in the previous three months. This prospective observational study was conducted in western Switzerland from January 2015 until June 2016. We aimed to investigate the main characteristics of nocturnal leg cramps occurring over a two-week period in patients visiting primary care physicians. However, this condition is particularly common among older adults and often causes sleep disturbances, which can seriously affect quality of life. There are few data available regarding the characteristics of nocturnal leg cramps in primary care.
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